Table of Contents

This article reviews the prognostic considerations of breast cancer and includes patient factors and staging, imaging, histologic, and molecular findings; understanding these prognostic factors and their implications enables radiologists to contribute meaningfully to the multidisciplinary team and positively affect patient outcomes.

This article reviews the major changes in the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for breast cancer, reviews anatomic TNM staging, describes prognostic biomarkers and prognostic staging, and identifies key sites of disease that may alter clinical management.

The multidetector CT and PET/CT characteristics of immunoglobulin G4–related cardiovascular disease are reviewed, with descriptions of the inflammatory process and quantification of active inflammation and therapeutic response during follow-up.

This review describes image findings that predict the outcome of different strategies for the treatment of thoracic aortic dissection, as well as the concept of aortic remodeling and the spectrum of image findings with regard to favorable or failing remodeling.

This review explains the application of ancillary features at MRI in LI-RADS version 2018 to improve detection and characterization, increase confidence, or adjust LI-RADS categories.

Understanding the revised Atlanta classification system of acute pancreatitis and the various endoscopic interventions used in the management of local complications allows radiologists to focus on important preprocedure imaging findings and procedural complications, which should be reported to facilitate appropriate treatment planning and patient management.

A better understanding of the imaging features, patterns of growth, classification systems, and surgical resectability of cholangiocarcinomas can help radiologists guide surgical management and treatment.

Updated evaluation and management guidelines for localized renal cancer emphasize preserving strong oncologic outcomes while optimizing renal function; radiologists play a central role in tumor evaluation, patient counseling, and selective treatment approaches.

The current problems of electronic cleansing at CT colonography are discussed, and the use of deep learning to implement electronic cleansing at low-dose single- and dual-energy CT colonography with noncathartic bowel preparation is compared with the use of conventional electronic cleansing methods.

The authors review the most prevalent HIV-related malignancies and the role of imaging in diagnosis, as well as the imaging features of malignancy mimics in patients with HIV infection.

This article provides a multimodality review of common conditions causing anterior knee pain, with emphasis on a layered approach to anterior knee anatomy.

Key oncogenic pathways in pediatric central nervous system tumors, including low-grade gliomas, high-grade gliomas, medulloblastomas, and ependymomas, are reviewed, and the molecular classifications of these tumors and associated clinical implications and radiologic correlations are discussed.

With the advent of amyloid PET, the radiologist now plays a pivotal role in diagnosis of Alzheimer disease and therefore must have an algorithmic approach to scan interpretation as well as knowledge of the common signs and artifacts.

This comprehensive review illustrates the eighth edition of the TNM staging system of lung cancer, highlighting the site-specific strengths and limitations of FDG PET/CT in the staging of non–small cell lung cancer.

Although primary lung tumors in children are rare, key radiologic and pathologic features of these tumors play a complementary role and allow discrimination of these tumors to guide clinical management.

The authors review terminology, imaging appearances, and imaging features that guide management of atraumatic fractures, including stress, atypical, and pathologic fractures.

A better understanding of normal and abnormal US findings in the first trimester of pregnancy will help radiologists identify normal embryonic development, recognize the viability of an intrauterine pregnancy, diagnose an ectopic pregnancy, and distinguish between benign and malignant entities.

MRI allows identification of such fine structures as the uterine and ovarian suspensory ligaments that maintain these organs in place in the female pelvis and reveals their possible pathologic processes (endometriosis, inflammation, tumors), aiding the radiologist in distinguishing between their normal and abnormal (pathologic) appearances at MRI.